Pulverizing-machine.



H. BBSSER. BULVERIZING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED NOV. 11, 1901.

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Patented J an. 12, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

H. BESSER. PULVEBIZING MACHINE.

APPLICATION nun nov.11,1907.

Patented Jan 12, 1909.

2 BHEETSBHEET UNITED STATS PATENT EHIQE.

HERMAN BESSER, OF ALPENA, MICHIGAN.

PULVERIZING-MACHINE.

Application filed November 11, 1907.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HERMAN BESSER, a citizen of the United States,residing at Alpena, in the county of Alpena and State of Michigan, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Pulverizing Machines;and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in theart to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to pulverizers and more particularly to that classof pulverizers wherein the material is fed to and drawn between a seriesof rotating rolls carried by a suitable support.

One object of the invention is the provision of a simple easily-operatedmachine which will quickly and effectually comminute the material fedthereto with the use of comparatively low power.

Another object is the provision of means whereby a lump of refractorymaterial may be passed through the machine without so acting upon therolls as to prevent the grinding of the finer material.

A further object is the rovision of means whereby the material is sujected to a heavy crushing force and yet in the event of a lump ofrefractory material entering the machine, the rolls are adapted to yieldto avoid the strain on the journals.

A still further object is the provision of means for preventingdisplacement of the supfirposed rolls while permitting them to re yStill another object is the provision of means for rendering themachine, when worn, capable of finely pulverizing the material fedthereto.

Another object of my invention is the provision of means whereby thematerial may continuorsly travel two or more times through the machinebefore being discharged in order that the material may be finelypulverized.

To these and other ends, my invention consists in certain novel featuresand combinations, such as will be more fully described hereinafter andparticularly pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of one formof my invention; i'ig. 2 is a similar view showing additional mechanismapplied thereto; I ig. 3 is a vertical sectional view through a machineSpecification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 12, 1909.

Serial No. 401,723.

similar in construction to that shown in Fig. 2; big. 4- is a top lanview showing the use of several base ro ls; Fig. 5 is a detail view of aconnecting arm; fig. 6 is a detail view of a wear compensating device;and fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a sectional roll.

(A) indicates a supporting frame of any suitable design and length toaccommodate the number of rolls used. I have illustrated the machine asbeing provided with three base or supporting rolls, but it is evidentthat two base rolls only might be employed or any larger number,depending upon the degree of fineness to which the material is to beground. The rollsmay be plain or corrugated either longitudinally orperipherally. Any number of base rolls (1), (1), may be journaled in theframe, the shafts (2) of the first and second rolls of the series beingdriven in any suitable manner, as by drive sprockets (3), the latterbeing secured to the shaft. The shafts of all the rolls are alsoequipped with sprockets (4) around which pass the chains (5). Any othersuitable method of imparting motion to be the base rolls may be used,whereby they are all driven in the same direction.

In my invention I drive all the rolls in the lower tier in one directionand thus rotate the rolls on the tier above by friction in the oppositedirection. By driving each tier of rolls in one direction, the lowertier toward the left, the next tier toward the right, the third tiertoward the left, and so on, the material is ground between the rolls ofadjacent tiers and not between rolls of the same tier, and it isimpossible for hard lumpy material to get in between individual rolls ofthe same tier.

The base or lower tier of rolls may be hollow if desired to decreasetheir weight, care being taken to make them sufficiently strong,however.

Mounted or placed loosely upon the base rolls and received between theconvex peripheries at the interstices between each two adjacent rolls,are the loose rolls (6) (6), provided at their ends With the flanges (7)(7) adapted to take against or embrace the ends of the base rolls toprevent or limit the endwise movement of the loose superposed rolls. Therolls (6) may be either solid in one piece or composed of sectionsmounted on a connecting shaft (9), as in Figs. 3 and 7. In the latterevent, the end sections of the roll are provided with flanges (7) fasttherewith, the end sections being preferably keyed upon the base rollsoperate to keep the interto the shaft (9). V 7

It is obvious that I may place other loose rolls (7) on top of thesuperposed rolls (6), as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, and continue to placehorizontal series or tiers of rolls on top of each other until the apexof the pyramid is reached, such additional rolls being either solid orsectional as desired. The loose rolls 10 add considerably to thecrushing force brought to bear on the material being pulverized and yetat the same time will yield to permit the passage of a refractory lumpof material between the adjacent tiers of rolls.

In using the rolls two-high, shown in Fig. 1, as when grinding finematerial, the material is fed into a chute (8) at the receiving end ofthe machine and discharged onto the'first roll (1), which will draw thematerial in between itself and the first of the series of loose rolls(6), crushing the material and allowing the finer particles thereof todrop down through the space between the two adjacent base rolls, thecoarser particles being passed on between the next two upper and lowerrolls and so on through the machine. The superposed loose rolls have twopoints of contact and operate to finely pulverize the material in theshortest possible time, the loose rolls being frictionally driven in adirection reverse to that in which the base rolls travel, and preventedfrom displacement by the flanges (7 on the end sections which are faston the shaft.

, If the loose rolls are solid and a refractory lump passes between theloose rolls'and the base rolls, it will operate to raise the loose rollswhich, as they rise, bring a tremendous 40 crushing pressure to bear onthe refractory lump. However, by so rising, the solid roll permits finerparticles to pass between it and the lower roll unground, to obviatewhich, I may make the superposed roll of sections, as at (6) (6) inFigs. 3, and 7, so that when a refractory lump passes between the upperand lower rolls only one section of the upper roll will be raised, theremaining sections keeping their normal position to grind the finermaterial. p

All the roll sections except the end sections are provided with largebores through which the shaft (9) of considerably less diameter passesto ermit this vertical play of the sections re ative to each other. Theflanges (7) are fixed on the ends of the end rolls which end rolls arekeyed or otherwise secured to the shaft (9) to prevent or limit 'endwiseor longitudinal movement of the roll sections. Also a slight amount ofgrinding will take place between the end faces of each two loosesections as they move' vertically re' a' ive to one another and theraised section will move slower than the sections engaging the baserolls. The end sections resting come worn down.

rolls resting upon the intermediate tierwill mediate sections free fromthe shaft, such intermediate sections engaging the shaft only when largehard lumps pass under any of them, to force them upward. Ordinarily, theintermediate roll sections rest loosely on the lower rolls and run clearof the shaft.

In a pulverizer of this style, it is obvious that the peripheries of allthe rolls will be- Such wearing of the loose 7 5 rolls is ofcomparatively little consequence, as they will maintain their psoitionson the base rolls and may be used until they have nearly worn away, orthey may be replaced from time to time, as desired. The wearing away ofthe base rolls, however, is more serious, as unless compensated for insome manher, the spaces between each two rolls will allow coarsematerial to drop therethrough and hence render the machine ineffective.To prevent this result, I preferably provide fill? ing-in pieces (10)(10) having a length at least equal to the length of the parallel rollsand being of a substantially triangular shape in cross section, althoughone side (10) is curved to conform to the curvature of the roll againstwhich it contacts. These fillingin pieces are placed in the intersticesbetween each two base rolls, with one angle or corner dependingdownward, as shown, and the upper face (10) arranged on an incline, themember normally and automatically assuming this position when it isplaced between and supported by the rolls, the inclined face I adaptedto shunt the material from one roll to the next and prevent it fromfalling down between the rolls. Of course grinding takes place betweenthe roll and the curved surface (10 of the member.

In operating a three-high machine, I find that the intermediate tier ofrolls is liable to be accidentally thrown off the machine whenrefractory lumpy material is being fed thereto, because the weight ofthe upper tier of force them apart if any unusual separation between theindividual rolls of the intermediate tier takes place, byreason of theiryielding to let the hard lumps pass beneath, to avoid which displacementI preferably utilize the following arrangement: Projecting u ward fromthe frame (A) are the standards (11) (11), braced in any suitablemanner. Connecting arms (12) mounted on a shaft (13), journaled at itsends in the standards (1 1) project horizontally toward the shaft (9) ofthe foremost roll of the first intermediate series of rolls (6). Theouteren'ds of the arms (12) are preferably Y shaped to'receive theadjacent ends of the next side arm (12), the yokes carrying the pins(14) (14) which pass through the adjacent ends of the side arms (12) topivotally connect them with the connecting arms- (12'). Boxes (15) onthe arms (12)and (12)in front'of the'yo'kes (16) are adapted to receivethe ends of the shafts (9) of the loose rolls (6). It is obvious thatthere are as many side and connecting arms on each side of the machineas there are shafts (9). The last side arm on each side of the machineis not provided with a yoke, but the free ends of such arms may beconnected by a space-bar (19) and are received between the standards(11). If desired, in order to obtain a greater crushing power, a weight(20) may be suspended from the spacing bar (19), such weight permittingthe rolls to be raised by intervening lumps of refractory material.

It is obvious that when a lump of refractory material passes between theloose rolls (6) and the base rolls (1), as shown in Fig. 3, it willraise the successive loose rolls to accommodate which motion, the arms(12) (12) are pivotally connected, to allow the rolls to yield upwardly.Furthermore, the loose rolls may be given an impulse tending to throwthem out of their respective beds between the base rolls, but the armswill permit only a limited lateral movement of the roll not sufficientto throw it entirely out of its bed and such strain is transmitted as apulling strain on the arms (12) and (12), thus preventing the weight ofthe rolls from being thrown against the arms (12).

In using a machine of three-high rolls, the material is fed in at therear end of the machine between the intermediate loose rolls (6) and thesuperposed loose rolls (7) in any convenient manner, as by means of ahopper (8), the material passing in a general horizontal directionbetween the series of rolls (7 and the intermediate loose rolls (6),until it is finally discharged over the last loose rolls (6), onto thefirst base roll (1) of the series, the material being drawn in betweenthe series of intermediate rolls (6) and the base rolls (1) and passingin a reverse generally horizontal direction back to the discharge end ofthe machine. In order to insure that the material will be drawn inbetween the base rolls (1) and the loose rolls (6), I may provide aguard (22) at the forward end of the machine to prevent the materialdischarged from betweentheloose rolls (7*) and intermediate rolls (6)from being shot over the first roll (1).

Plainly, material can be simultaneously fed to the rolls (6) and (7 and(6) and (1), through the chute (21) and guard chute (22) if desired.Also it is obvious that a number of changes and combinations is possibleby adding superposed series of rolls until the machine is four or fiverolls high or any other desired number.

It is sometimes desirable to prevent the possibility of endwise movementof the superposed rolls (7 to which end I may provide the braces (23)which not only revent endwise movement of the rolls, but a so supportand strengthen the standards (11) (1 1 The loose rolls (7 are normallyprevented from endwise movement by the flanges (7) of the intermediaterolls.

While I have shown but two intermediate rolls (6) and one superposedroll (7 it is obvious that I might employ several more as indicated into plan view in Fig. 4.

The base rolIs are.preferably driven from alternate sides respectively,as shown in Fig. 4, to equalize the strain. In three-high or moremachines, the successive passage of the material back and forth betweeneach succeeding lower series of rolls operates to most finely pulverizeit, and the more tiers of rolls used, the finer is the materialpulverized. I may provide a casing, not shown, to confine the dustarising when the machine is in full operation. Each series of rolls,save the base rolls (1), may be made sectional if desired.

Having thus fully disclosed my invention, what I claim as new is 1. Apulverizing machine com rising a plurality of base rolls, an upper rolloosely resting between the adjacent convex surfaces of the base rolls,and means loosely received between the adjacent convex faces of the baserolls and supported entirely by the base rolls, such means locatedbeneath the upper roll and adapted to compensate for the wear of thebase rolls, and provide a grinding surface cooperating therewith.

2. A pulverizing machine comprising a series of horizontally-arrangedrotatable base rolls, means for rotating the rolls, an intermediateseries of rolls loosely and wholly supported on and received between theu per adjacent convex surfaces of each two ase rolls, and a secondseries of rolls loosely superposed upon the intermediate series ofrolls, every alternate series of rolls rotating in the same direction,each two adjacent se ries of rolls rotating in opposite directions, theindividual rolls of each series rotating in the same direction.

3. A pulverizing machine comprising a frame, a series ofhorizontally-arranged base rolls mounted in the frame, a second seriesof rolls loosely resting upon the base rolls, shafts carried by theloose rolls, a series of loosely connected arms pivotally connected tothe frame at one end, and boxes on the arms.

4. A pulverizing machine com rising a suitable support, a series of baserol fs rotatably mounted in the support, a second series of rollsloosely mounted upon the base rolls and capable of yielding upwardrelative to the base rolls, shafts carried by the loose rolls, a seriesof loosely connected arms, one end of the series being pivotallyconnected to the support, the arms extending past the ends of the looserolls, and a box carried by each arm to receive the shafts of the rolls,the free ends of the series of loosely connected arms being receivedbetween and guided by the support, and means cooperating With the seriesof loosely connected arms to increase thfi pressure brought to bear bythe loose ro s.

5. A pulverizing machine comprising a plurality of base rolls, a rollloosely mounted upon and Wholl supported by the base rolls, a shaft forthe oose roll, arms to which the 10 shaft is j ournaled, the arms at oneend piv0t sa as ally connected to the frame of the machine, and a Weightconnected to the opposite ends of the arms.

In testimony whereof, I affiX mysignature W. F. DENIsoN, L. N.MACALPINE.

